To manage this disease, treatment with drops is carried out aimed at stabilizing myopia and preventing its progression by controlling, among others, atypical ocular growth, using medications that regulate intraocular pressure and control visual effort in order to avoid distention of the eye, and For this, different kinds of drops are used.
ANTIMUSCARINICS: This is the medication (eye drops) that helps prevent ocular distension, generating an effect on the ciliary muscle and a local retinal effect, reducing the progression of myopia.
HYPOTENSION AND ANTI-ALLERGIC: Regulates the patient's eye pressure and reduces the mechanical effect generated by eye rubbing.
These medications are accompanied by the use of specially designed glasses or contact lenses, along with changing and improving lighting conditions, healthy habits, balanced diet, outdoor activities, control of exposure to electronic devices and short breaks in long periods of reading.
Another alternative for this defect in patients under 50 years of age is the Excimer laser technique. In patients with a normal corneal thickness, between 520 and 550 microns, two types of techniques can be used, Lasik or PRK.” The ideal patients for this type of treatment are those who have a maximum of 5-6 diopters, from then on this technique is not recommended. This same option is used to treat a type of astigmatism that is linked to myopia, myopic astigmatism.
In the case of young patients who have a corneal thickness of less than 500 microns, the use of laser is ruled out due to its long-term contraindications. In these cases it is advisable to choose to implant ICL intraocular lenses.
When we talk about patients over 50 years old, other types of techniques come into action since myopia is usually also accompanied by presbyopia. In these cases, treatments must address both effects through the removal of the lens and the installation of multifocal intraocular lenses.